Aquaponics

Aquaponics is the joining together of two food-producing systems, aquaculture (food fish farming) and hydroponics (soilless vegetable farming). When these two systems are joined, they form a symbiotic relationship with each other (each benefits from the other). Fish breathe in the same water in which they eliminate, creating an overabundance of ammonia waste and a deficiency of oxygen. If the oxygen is not replaced and the ammonia waste not removed, the fish will die. Using the effluent from the fish tanks to grow plants does two things: first, the plants remove the nitrogenous wastes from the water through their roots and use it for growth, second, the clean water is then oxygenated and returned to the fish tank. The only nutrient input into the system is fish feed. The dimensions for the concrete grow-out tank are 41 high, 201 wide and 601 long. This tank has the capability to produce 1 metric ton of fish weekly (2200 pounds), and will carry an average of 18,000 pounds of fish at all stages of growth. The tank is a modified raceway, which is folded back on itself, i. e., it is a 101 wide raceway folded back, which now makes it 201 wide with a divider in the middle. The water flow is straight through. The return from the grow beds enters on the right side of the tank and flows all the way around to exit on the left side, carrying solid wastes with it. A 21 1 recess in the tank floor on the left side allows the solids to accumulate and be pumped to the grow beds. Insulated plumbing will connect the tanks to the aquaponic grow beds in other parts of greenhouse. These beds use pea gravel as a growing medium and measure 41 x 8′ x 1, and are elevated to hip height, eliminating stooping. These beds are required to provide adequate biofiltration for the fish tank and will provide approximately 9888 square feet of plant growing area. The surface of the gravel will provide growing space for nitrifying bacteria, which convert the fish wastewater to a useable form for the growing plants to absorb. The growing beds, therefore, act as a biofilter to cleanse the water for the fish and the fish provide nutrients for the plants, which are so stimulating to the plants that days-to-maturity are often reduced by 1/3 to 1/2. The grow beds are flooded to 11 ‘ beneath the top surface of the gravel every hour for 3-5 minutes. The water is then drained by gravity into the sump tanks and pumped back into the fish tank. Project research has not discovered any explanation for this astound­ing growth rate, so it remains a mystery. However, empirical evidence is very real as observed by the effect on field-grown red raspberries (the reader is invited to see picture documentation on pantry homepage at: www. oneaccordfoodpan- try. org and specific weeds, i. e., Queen Anne’s Lace — or wild carrot, nettles, and goldenrod — which attained heights of approximately 9. The effect was also evident on strawberries which reached hipheight and had stems as thick as one’s little finger.