Conditions for anaerobic biodigestion

Chynoweth and Isaacson (1987) observed that in any anaerobic digestion process that is not inhibited or kinetically limited, two major factors affecting methane yields are feedstock composition and inoculum characteristics. The composition of the biodegradable organic compounds can influence methane yield in that reduced compounds such as fats and proteins produce a higher percentage of methane than oxidized compounds such as sugars. Ultimate methane yields are however, influenced principally by the biodegradability of the organic components. The same paper noted further that each anaerobic environment may differ in the types of bacteria involved in the methanogenesis, depending on differing factors such as substrate, retention time, temperature, pH, and fluctuations in environmental parameter. Although certain general properties are common from one environment to another, each environment may have its own unique population of bacteria, and associated microbial activities. Key operating factors which have a direct influence on the level and efficiency of biogas include volatile solids loading rate, digester temperature hydraulic retention time, pH and carbon: nitrogen ratio (Vetter et al., 1990).