Ethanol (C2H5OH), also known as ethyl alcohol, fuel ethanol (when it is used as a fuel or gasoline oxygenate), or bioethanol (when it is obtained from biomass [energy-rich crops or lignocellulosic materials]), is the most widespread alcohol employed in the transport sector. Ethanol usage has many advantages and some disadvantages. An objective proof on advantages of this biofuel against its dis­advantages is the rising number of countries that have chosen it as a gasoline oxygenate or even as a direct fuel. Sometimes, the disadvantages of using fuel ethanol are emphasized with arguments that have been the subject of controver­sial debates between supporters and detractors of biofuels. This polemic is even more exacerbated when considering the temporal character of the governments, the main promoters of gasoline oxygenation programs using fuel ethanol. This discussion goes beyond the academic field (which is desirable) and falls into the political debate with the corresponding manipulation doses that it implies.