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14 декабря, 2021
Krisnagkura [1986] proposed the equation for the estimation of cetane index (CI) based on the saponification and iodine values, recommending not to be used for oils, only for methyl esters. Namely, it has been previously documented that despite the fact that triglycerides and fatty acid methyl esters have similar saponification and iodine values, like it was obtained in this study too, cetane indexes of oils are generally much lower than those of methyl ester derivates. Thus, discussion on CI of frying oil will not be made. In this work, the CI value was 38 and this value less than the CI of Egyptian diesel, EN 14214 and D-6751 (55, 51 and 47 respectively). Siler-Marinkovic’ and Tomasevic [1998] also used CI for the characterization of methyl esters produced from crude frying oils, and the estimated values were from 49.7 to 50.9. As an alternative to cetane number, cetane index is also an indicator of ignition quality of the fuel and is related to the time that passes between injection of the fuel into the cylinder and onset of ignition [Knothe, 2005].
Test |
Produced Biodiesel |
Egyptian Diesel oil |
Biodiesel (EN14214) |
Biodiesel D-6751 |
Flash point oC |
202 |
”/> 55 |
”/> 101 |
”/> 130 |
Density g/cm3 @ 15.56 oC |
0.9055 |
0.82-0.87 |
0.86-0.9 |
— |
Kinematic Viscosity cSt @ 40 oC |
8.38 |
1.6-7 |
3.5-5 |
1.9-6 |
Kinematic Viscosity cSt @ 100 oC |
4.34 |
— |
— |
— |
Total acid number (mg KOH/g) |
0.48 |
Nil |
< 0.5 |
< 0.8 |
Cloud point oC |
3 |
— |
— 4 |
— |
Pour point oC |
0 |
4.5-15 |
— |
— |
Initial boiling point IBP oC |
229 |
— |
— |
|
Cetane number |
63.8 |
Min. 55 |
”/> 51 |
”/> 47 |
Calorific value MJ/Kg |
38.54 |
Min. 44.3 |
32.9 |
— |
Total S wt% |
0.12 |
Max. 1.2 |
< 0.01 |
< 0.05 |
Ash content wt% |
0.002 |
Max. 0.01 |
0.02 |
< 0.02 |
Carbon residue wt% |
0.63 |
Max.0.1 |
< 0.03 |
< 0.05 |
Copper strip corrosion @ 100oC |
1a |
1a |
Class 1 |
No. 3 Max. |
Water content wt% |
0.08 |
Max. 0.15 |
< 0.05 |
0.05 |
Iodine number mg I2/100 g |
60 |
— |
120 |
— |
Table 3. Physicochemical properties for produced biodiesel compared to the Egyptian standards of petro-diesel fuel and two international biodiesel standards |