Cetane index

Krisnagkura [1986] proposed the equation for the estimation of cetane index (CI) based on the saponification and iodine values, recommending not to be used for oils, only for methyl esters. Namely, it has been previously documented that despite the fact that triglycerides and fatty acid methyl esters have similar saponification and iodine values, like it was ob­tained in this study too, cetane indexes of oils are generally much lower than those of meth­yl ester derivates. Thus, discussion on CI of frying oil will not be made. In this work, the CI value was 38 and this value less than the CI of Egyptian diesel, EN 14214 and D-6751 (55, 51 and 47 respectively). Siler-Marinkovic’ and Tomasevic [1998] also used CI for the characteri­zation of methyl esters produced from crude frying oils, and the estimated values were from 49.7 to 50.9. As an alternative to cetane number, cetane index is also an indicator of ignition quality of the fuel and is related to the time that passes between injection of the fuel into the cylinder and onset of ignition [Knothe, 2005].

Test

Produced

Biodiesel

Egyptian Diesel oil

Biodiesel

(EN14214)

Biodiesel

D-6751

Flash point oC

202

”/> 55

”/> 101

”/> 130

Density g/cm3 @ 15.56 oC

0.9055

0.82-0.87

0.86-0.9

Kinematic Viscosity cSt @ 40 oC

8.38

1.6-7

3.5-5

1.9-6

Kinematic Viscosity cSt @ 100 oC

4.34

Total acid number (mg KOH/g)

0.48

Nil

< 0.5

< 0.8

Cloud point oC

3

— 4

Pour point oC

0

4.5-15

Initial boiling point IBP oC

229

Cetane number

63.8

Min. 55

”/> 51

”/> 47

Calorific value MJ/Kg

38.54

Min. 44.3

32.9

Total S wt%

0.12

Max. 1.2

< 0.01

< 0.05

Ash content wt%

0.002

Max. 0.01

0.02

< 0.02

Carbon residue wt%

0.63

Max.0.1

< 0.03

< 0.05

Copper strip corrosion @ 100oC

1a

1a

Class 1

No. 3 Max.

Water content wt%

0.08

Max. 0.15

< 0.05

0.05

Iodine number mg I2/100 g

60

120

Table 3. Physicochemical properties for produced biodiesel compared to the Egyptian standards of petro-diesel fuel and two international biodiesel standards