Как выбрать гостиницу для кошек
14 декабря, 2021
The acid value measures the content of free acids in the sample, which have influence on fuel aging. It is measured in terms of the quantity of KOH required to neutralize sample. The base catalyzed reaction is reported to be very sensitive to the content of free fatty acids, which should not exceed a certain limit recommended to avoid deactivation of catalyst, formation of soaps and emulsion [Sharma et al., 2008, Meher et al., 2004]. The feedstock acid values obtained in this study differed significantly ranging from 1.86 to 3.31 mg KOH/g oil. Thus, in the light of the previous discussion on the requirements for the feedstock acid values, it could be concluded that frying oil had the values above the recommended 2 mg KOH/g. However, these values did not turn out to be limiting for the efficiency of the applied two-stage process, as it will be discussed along to the obtained product yields and purity later on. Acid values of MEs were less than 0.5 mg KOH/ g specified as the maximum value according to JUS EN14214 (Table 4), Sharma et al. (2008) reviewed the literature and found that acid value of the feedstock for alkaline transesterification has to be reduced to less than 2 mg KOH/g (i. e. 1%), while only few examples of transesterification with feedstock acid value of up to 4.0 mg KOH/g (i. e. 2%) were found. They also reported that when waste cooking oil is used as feedstock, the limit of free fatty acids is a bit relaxed and the value a little beyond 1% (i. e. 2 mg KOH/g) did not have any effect on the methyl ester conversion. Acid values of MEs produced from frying oil was 1.16 mgKOH/g when compared with 0.5 mg KOH/g specified as the maximum value according to JUS EN14214 [JUS EN 14214:2004].