A detailed review of the science and technology of fast pyrolysis and related processes has been carried out covering the basic scientific principles of fast pyrolysis for producing liquids; their application to working processes with identification of the main problems; a description of the more commercially and technically advanced of these processes; and opportunities for chemicals recovery and upgrading of vapours and liquids to more valuable chemicals and transport fuels. The contribution that has been made to the development of a Biomass Information System is described and copies of specimen data are included. Finally the conclusions summarise the current status and opportunities for each of the areas described.