Combined Flocculation

Combined flocculation is a multi-step process, which consists of the use of more than one type of flocculants and electro-flocculation or electrocoagulation (Chen et al. 2011). For harvesting of marine and fresh water algae, Vandamme et al. (2011) has inspected the method of electrocoagulation-flocculation. Continuous-flow elec­trocoagulation has also been examined by Azarian et al. (2007) for the separation of algae from industrial wastewater. Throughout electrocoagulation, no sulphate chlo­rine anions are produced. It is also noted that unlike centrifugation process, power consumption is less in electrocoagulation-flocculation (Vandamme et al. 2011). These are the advantageous reasons, due to which electrocoagulation-flocculation is considered as a convenient procedure, which can be used for harvesting of algae. There are certain shortcomings such as inconsistency in speciation of metal hydroxides as well as disturbances by pH, chemical configuration and conductivity of water required to be considered and addressed.