Fabrication Techniques

In many cases, polymer composite processing utilizes the same technique as poly­mer processing which includes injection moulding, compression moulding and extrusion moulding. There are some other techniques which are unique only to polymer composite processing. These include filament winding, pultrusion and hand lay-up. In spite of the fact that some techniques are used commonly with poly­mer processing, the operational conditions can be very different; thus, it is impor­tant not to directly transfer knowledge without careful consideration. In this section, a brief explanation of various processing methods is given in Table 10.3.

10.3.2.1 Compression Moulding

The compression is the most famous method for producing natural fibre-reinforced thermosets and thermoplastic composites (Khan et al. 2012; Sreekala et al. 2002; Lu et al. 2006). Natural fibre and resins are taken into mould after well mixing. The mould is then placed in between two plates. Those plates are joined with heating and cooling apparatus. Pressure can be fixed by using hydraulic press. A multiple type of finish products can be found with very simple operation.