03.08.2015   Biomass Conversion

Pineapple Waste

Pineapple waste comprises the skin, seeds, and remaining parts after juice extraction. Cooked Sago is added to mill juice to enrich it with sugar to a level of 8% (w/w). The physicochemical characteristics of pineapple waste are given in Table 9.6 that shows its potential for ethanol production due to high carbohy — drates/total solids content [183].

9.2.4.3 Orange Peel Waste

Orange waste is another substrate used for ethanol production. The proximate composition of orange waste and orange filtrate is given in Table 9.7.

9.2.4.4 Potato Peel Waste

The proximate composition of potato waste and potato filtrate (Table 9.7). Apparently, indicates its suitability for the production of ethanol.

Table 9.7 Proximate composition of orange and potato waste materials

Component (%Y)a

Orange waste (peel, pulp, and seeds)

Potato waste (peel and trimmings)

Orange filtrate

Potato filtrate

Dry matter

20.98

17.82

4.29

1.69

Alcohol-insoluble

solids

63.00

62.70

19.60

22.49

Total soluble sugars

15.00

1.40

16.9

3.92

Reducing sugars

9.16

0.91

10.24

3.04

Pectin

20.93

3.39

2.62

0.41

Cellulose

10.59

2.20

2.19

0.14

Starch

<1.00

66.78

<1.00

44.81

Crude protein

6.53

14.70

0.53

3.31

Ash

3.78

7.65

0.78

0.82

Volatile solids

96.22

92.32

99.22

99.18

pH

4.30

5.99

4.30

5.99

Source [115]

a All components are expressed as percent dry weights except the dry matter that is the per cent wet weight. Values are expressed as the mean of three determinations (variation <5%)

9.2.2 Coffee Waste

Use of coffee waste as a substrate for ethanol fermentation has also been reported earlier [16].

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