Facility elements model

For the heat production there is a solar camp with high efficiency collectors, with the following parameters for their performance curve:

Maximum efficiency: k0 = 0,8

Loss Coefficient: ki = 4 W/m2K = 14,4 kJ/hm2K

They have been chosen realist values for the flat plate collectors performance. Note there are commercial options with better performance, but the aim of the project is to evaluate an installation as much conventional as possible. It is supposed the panels are perfectly oriented to the south with a slope related to the horizontal of 45°. Note that for Valladolid the latitude is 42°. They are placed in such way that they are free from shadows.

To estimate the area, it was supposed an habitual design ratio for solar absorption installations, of 4 squared metros for each kilowatt of power on the evaporator (SACE). And so, to have a facility with 7 kW, is necessary to have collectors area of 28 m2 to operate properly the installation. The flow for the generator camp selected was 50 l/hm2, that in an habitual value for design and test, what made the solar pumps flow to be 1.400 l/h. The storage has been modelled using a stratified tank. It has been used the bigger amount of nodes allowed by the model (15), with a lost coefficient of 0,8 W/m2K = 3 kJ/h m2K. Note that the performance of the installation depends very much on the stratification, and so if we take some models for the tank without stratification, the lack of variation on the temperature profile makes the installation performance to be very inferior.

An habitual value dimensioning is 50 l/m2 what gives an autonomy of 1 hour. Note that an overdimensioning of the storage capacity, overall on real facilities, can lead to need to much time to achieve the required temperature setpoint, and on the contrary to have a low value leads to a reduced autonomy. Other thing to take into account is that the delay between the inlet temperature respect to the outlet one is 2 hour. The absorption chiller has been modelled by means of the type 107 with the working curves corresponding to a WFC-10 [4] adapted to a power of de 7 kW what is the maximum power demanded.

The calculation period considered covers from 1st June until 31st September.