Heat consumption space heating

Despite the higher insulation standard of the KfW40 building in Rislerstrasse, heating energy consumption at 31 kWh/(m2NFAa) was not much lower than in the KfW60 building which had a exhaust ventilation system without heat recovery needing 33 kWh/(m2NFAa). The measurement data do not reveal whether inhabitants were heating their rooms to different temperatures or leaving windows open differently. The KfW40 house is 5 kWh/(m2Ausea) above the target values, while the KfW60 house is 15 kWh/(m2Ausea) below them. Adjusted for weather conditions, consumption of useful heat in the Blaue Heimat building was 18.9 kWh/(m2NFAa), which was slightly below the target. Consumption of heating energy in the town houses in Freyastrasse varied between 11 kWh/(m2NFAa) and 60 kWh/(m2NFAa), with an average of 29 kWh/(m2NFAa). The various heating transfer systems used cannot be properly assessed because user behaviour differed so greatly. It can be stated, however, that by using floor or wall heating systems the temperature stratification can be reduced in buildings with open staircases. The electricity used for mechanical ventilation and heating pumps was within the expected range in all buildings.