The process of isolation and selection of algae strains needs to consider the requirements of algal oil suitable for biodiesel production. Algal lipids oc­cur in cells predominantly as either polar lipids (mostly in membranes) or lipid bodies, typically in the form of triacylglycerides. The latter are accu­mulated in large amounts during photosynthesis as a mechanism to endure adverse environmental conditions. Polar lipids usually contain polyunsatu­rated fatty acids which are long-chained, but have good fluidity properties. TAG in lipid storage bodies typically contain mostly saturated fatty acids which have a high energy contents, but, depending on the fatty acid profile of the algae strain, may lack fluidity under cold conditions. Provided the algal oil is low enough in moisture and free fatty acids, biodiesel is typical­ly produced from TAG with methanol using base-catalyzed transesterifica­tion [12]. Most current feedstock for biodiesel production is based on plant oils produced from oil palm, soybean, cottonseed and canola, recycled cooking greases or animal fats from beef tallow or pork lard [13]. Ac­cording to Fukuda, transesterification using base catalysts is 4,000 times faster than using acid catalysts [14]. Some common base catalysts used by industry are sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide. Use of lipase enzymes as a catalyst is efficient, however their use is limited because of the high costs [14]. The best temperature for the reaction is typically 60 °C under normal atmospheric pressure. If the temperature is higher, metha­nol will boil, lowering the efficiency [14]. During the transesterification process, saponification reactions can occur, forming soap. Thus, oil and alcohol must be dried. Finally, biodiesel is recovered by washing rapidly with water to remove glycerol and methanol [4]. The high potential of oil production from microalgae has attracted several companies to com­mercialize biodiesel from microalgae (e. g., MBD Energy Pty and Muradel Pty Ltd in Australia). Basically, algal biodiesel is produced after algae cultivation and harvesting, followed by oil extraction and its conversion by transesterification. Principally, microalgal oil can be directly used as fuel feedstock, based on the conventional process of biodiesel production, provided the fatty acid profile is favorable. But even algal oils with a high degree of saturation (e. g., similar as tallow) can be considered as a drop — in fuel (e. g., for B20 blends). In addition, scientists are also focusing on the conversion to higher value products. For example, thermal cracking is used for decomposition of triglycerides into hydrocarbons such as alkans, alkenes, and aromatic compounds [15,16].