The EPA establishes generally applicable environmental standards to protect the environment from hazardous materials and certain radioactive materials. It has authority to establish standards for remediating active and inactive uranium mill tailing sites, environmental standards for the uranium fuel cycle, and environmental radiation protection standards for manage­ment and disposal of SNF, HLW, and TRU waste. The EPA promulgates standards for and certifies compliance at the WIPP in New Mexico for disposal of defense-generated TRU waste. EPA standards, under the Clean Air Act (EPA, 1990), limit airborne emissions of radionuclides from DOE sites. The EPA’s radioactive waste regulatory functions are described in more detail below.