1. Professor Daisuke Fujikawa, with the support of NUMO (as was had in this present study), conceived this theme for a debate held in 2012 for undergraduate students on a teacher-training course at Chiba University [3] (Fujikawa, D.2013:5).

2. Sugiyama Jogakuen University, the university to which the author is affiliated, is a participant in a project supported financially by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology. Called the “Project of Educational Reform and Structural Improvement to Respond to the Needs of Industry,” it is composed of 23 universities (including junior colleges) in the central region of Japan. As part of the project, each university engages in career education, and Sugiyama Jogakuen University for its part has focused on active learning to raise its educational performance. The “Fundamental Literacy for Members of Society Questionnaire” was implemented as part of this effort to effectively utilize active learning. The questionnaire consisted of the following 17 items, together with a short definition.

1. Independent (autonomous) learning: The capacity to engage in an activity on one’s own volition.

2. Initiation ability: Appealing and encouraging others to become involved.

3. Seeing-things-through ability: The capacity to set a target and act to achieve it.

4. Topic-finding ability: The capacity to analyze the situation and clarify aims and issues.

5. Planning ability: The capacity to clarify the process that can lead to a solution; the ability to plan.

6. Imaginative ability: The capacity to create new value.

7. Expressive ability: The capacity to convey your views clearly in an easily understandable way.

8. Listening ability: The capacity to listen attentively to what the other person is saying.

9. Flexibility: The capacity to understand other people’s opinions and positions.

10. Grasping-the-situation ability: The capacity to understand the relationship between you and the people and the situation around you.

11. Discipline: The capacity to follow society’s rules and keep promises made with others.

12. Stress-control ability: the capacity to respond appropriately to sources of stress.

13. Sensitivity: The capacity to respond to stimulus from the external environment.

14. A broad education: The possession not just of knowledge, but also an ability to understand and process knowledge creatively.

15. Specialist knowledge and skills: The possession of in-depth knowledge and skills in a particular academic or other field.

16. Logical thinking ability: the capacity to think coherently and logically.

17. Critical thinking ability: the capacity to analyze and judge the suitability and validity of issues and arguments.

Sugiyama Jogakuen University [4] (Sugiyama Jogakuen University 2013) Sugiyama Jogakuen University et al. [5] (Sugiyama Jogakuen University, Special Committee on Career Education, Whole-Faculty Faculty Development Committee 2013)

Open Access This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License, which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited.