In the Russian Federation, the electricity is mainly generated using natural gas and coal as a primary energy source. In 2008, about 68% of the electricity in the Russian Federation was from fossil sources, and the remaining part almost equally shared between nuclear and hydropower, see Figure 7.7.

Figure 7.7. Sources of electricity generation in the Russian Federation [7.4]

Gross electricity production (in TWh) by source in 2008

Other, 3.01

____ Nuclear, 163.09

■V. Hydro, 166.71

electricity generation addressed in this section. Possible niche markets for such small plants are analysed in Section 7.2.5.

From Table 7.12 it is noted that several SMR projects are competitive with the coal — and gas — fired plants at a 5% discount rate (but only with the coal-fired plants at a 10% discount rate). As in the previous cases, large reactors are more competitive, but smaller reactors could still be selected for particular sites (where large reactors could not be used).