Models of Nuclei

The structure of nuclei has been described by different models. At the moment, however, none of them alone explains all experimental observations. A useful review of 37 known models of the atomic nucleus is provided by Cook.

Fermions: Spin 1/2

Подпись: Bosons: Spin 1Name Sign Rest Mass Charge Name Sign Rest Mass Charge Name Sign Rest Mass Charge Interaction

(MeV) (MeV) (MeV)

Leptons Quarks

Electron

e

0.511

21

Up

u

5.6

12/3

Photon

Y

0

0

Electromagnetic

Electron neutrino

Ve

0

0

Down

d

9.9

-1/3

W-boson

8.5 X 104

±1

Weak

Muon

P_

105.8

21

Charm

c

1350

12/3

Z0-boson

Z0

9.5 X 104

0

Muon neutrino

0

0

Strange

s

199

-1/3

Gluon

g

0

0

Strong

Tauon

T

1860

21

Top

t

ca. 2 X 105

12/3

Boson: Spin 2

Tauon neutrino

Vt

0

0

Bottom

b

5000

-1/3

Graviton

G

0

0

Gravitation

Heavy up U Existence Heavy D not proved down

The alpha model proposes the presence of alpha particles of great stability within the nuclei. This model has been suitable only for the interpretation of alpha decay.