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List of contributors and participants

Dean E. Abrahamson, M. D., is an assistant professor in the Depart­ments of Anatomy and Laboratory Medicine at the University of Minne­sota. He is president of the Minnesota Committee for Environmental Information and vice president of the Scientist’s Institute for Public In­formation in New York. He is author of several articles on electric power and nuclear waste emission and has been active in Minnesota and across the country in stimulating informed public discussion of these subjects.

Stanley I. Auerbach is director of the Ecological Sciences Division of the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. He has served as the chairman of the Committee on Radioecology of the Ecological Society of America, as secretary of the Ecological Society of America, as chairman, Division of Ecology, of the American Society of Zoologists, and as a member of the Public Affairs and Study Committee of the Ecological Society and of the National Academy of Sciences Advisory Committee on Research to the Secretary of Agriculture. Among his publications in the field of radiation ecology are “The Soil Ecosystem and Radioactive Waste Disposal to the Ground” and “Strontium-90 and Cesium-137 Uptake by Vegetation un­der Natural Conditions.” He has supervised and directed research by members of his group which has resulted in approximately 300 additional reports and publications in the field of radiation ecology.

Donald E. Barber, a member of the advisory committee for the conference, is an associate professor in the School of Public Health at the University of Minnesota. He has responsibility for teaching radiological health and health physics.

John R. Borchert is professor of geography and director of the Center for Urban and Regional Affairs at the University of Minnesota. His interest in the effects of nuclear power arises from his responsibilities as a member of the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency as well as from his Center’s activities.

A. Philip Bray is manager of Systems Engineering for the Atomic Power Equipment Department of the General Electric Company in San Jose, California. He is responsible for the basic design details and evalua­tion of all General Electric boiling water reactors in the nuclear power field. He has been in the nuclear field for over 13 years and has been with the Atomic Power Equipment Department since 1959. Mr. Bray has been involved in all aspects of power reactor design, operation, and licensing. He has served with an Industry Advisory Task Force on Emergency Core Cooling for Power Reactors and participated in all their activities follow­ing an appointment by the aec in 1966.

William A. Brungs is director of research at the Newtown Fish Toxicology Laboratory, Federal Water Pollution Control Administration, in Cincinnati, Ohio. He is a Certified Fisheries Scientist by the American Fisheries Society, and has directed research to determine water quality requirements of aquatic life. He was formerly associated with the Public Health Service in Cincinnati as an aquatic biologist studying the distribu­tion of radionuclides in freshwater environments.

Barry Commoner is professor of plant physiology and director of the Center for the Biology of Natural Systems at Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri. He has been chairman of the Department of Botany at Washington University and an active investigator of fundamental prob­lems on the physiochemical basis of biological processes. He has served as chairman of the Committee on Science in the Promotion of Human Wel­fare of the American Association for the Advancement of Science and was appointed to the Committee on Environmental Alteration. He is a founder of the St. Louis Committee for Environmental Information. He holds a deep interest in the interaction between science and social problems. His book, Science and Survival (Viking Press, 1966), deals with the serious threats to human survival resulting from modern technological changes and the resultant responsibilities of scientists and citizens.

Merril Eisenbud is administrator of the Environmental Protection Administration of the City of New York. He is a past president of the Health Physics Society and has served on the Board of Directors of the American Nuclear Society. He has served on the Expert Panel on Radia­tion Hazards of the World Health Organization, the Toxicology Com­mittee of the National Research Council, and the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurement. He is past chairman of the Public Health Service’s Advisory Committee on Environmental Radiation Ex­posure and of the New York State General Advisory Committee on Atomic Energy. He is a consultant to the World Health Organization, the Public Health Service, and the aec. From 1959 to 1968, he was with the New York University Medical Center, and from 1949 to 1959 he was a staff member of the Health and Safety Laboratory, aec.

Harry Foreman, M. D., is director of the Center for Population Studies at the University of Minnesota. He has worked for many years in research on and the teaching of biological effects of radiation. Dr. Fore­man has served as a consultant on the biological effects of ionizing radia­tion to a number of governmental and industrial organizations. At present, he serves as a consultant to the Northern States Power Company.

S. David Freeman is director of the Energy Policy Staff of the President’s Office of Science and Technology with the responsibility for coordinating energy policy on a government-wide basis. As an engineer, he has designed steam electric power plants and hydroelectric stations for the Tennessee Valley Authority; he has also served as an attorney for the tva. He was assistant to the chairman of the Federal Power Commission from 1961 to 1965, playing a leading role in the conduct of fpc’s National Power Survey and planning the execution of the fpc’s electric power and natural gas regulatory programs.

Harold P. Green is professor of law and director of the Law, Sci­ence, and Technology Program at the George Washington University National Law Center, Washington, D. C. He has worked in the Office of the General Counsel of the aec. He is consulting editor of the Commerce Clearing House A tomic Energy Law Reporter and the author of numerous articles on atomic energy law, government security law, and the relation of law to science and technology.

Ernest D. Harward is chief, Nuclear Facilities Branch, Division of Environmental Radiation, Bureau of Radiological Health, U. S. Public Health Service. He entered the Public Health Service in 1952. Before taking his present position in 1965 he was regional program director for Radiological Health, dhew Region IX, San Francisco. From 1955 to 1961 he was detailed by the Public Health Service to the U. S. Navy, Nuclear Propulsion Division, and was assigned to the Pittsburgh Naval Reactors Operations Office of the aec, where he served as radiological health consultant during the development and initial operation of the Shippingport Atomic Power Station.

Congressman Craig Hosmer is the ranking minority member on the Joint Committee on Atomic Energy and chairman of the Republican Con­ference Committee on Nuclear Affairs. Congressman Hosmer worked for the aec as a lawyer at the Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory before being elected to Congress. He is a member of the subcommittees on Military Applications, Raw Materials, Research, Development and Radiation, and Communities and Legislation. His grasp of the technical complexities of the nuclear field is such that he is one of the few laymen elected to regular membership in the American Nuclear Society.

M. King Hubbert is a research geophysicist with the United States Geological Survey, Washington, D. C. He is a member of the National

Academy of Sciences and a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. He has spent ten years as a member of the National Academy of Sciences-National Research Council Committee on Geologic Aspects of Radioactive Waste Disposal, advisory to the aec. He was also a member of the National Academy of Sciences Committee on Natural Resources, advisory to President Kennedy, and was the author of the Committee’s report, Energy Resources (nas-nrc Publication 1000-D, 1962). He is the author of the section on “Energy Resources” of the nas-nrc report, Re­sources and Man (W. H. Freeman & Company, 1969), The Theory of Ground-Water Motion and Related Papers (Hafner Publishing Company, 1969), and sixty-some articles in scientific journals.

Herbert S. Isbin is a professor in the Department of Chemical En­gineering at the University of Minnesota. His interest in the relation be­tween nuclear power and the public arises from his responsibility of teach­ing nuclear engineering and his membership on the Advisory Committee on Reactor Safeguards.

Joseph A. Lieberman is assistant administrator for research and development of the Consumer Protection and Environmental Health Service. He has been chief of the Environmental and Sanitary Engineering Branch of the Division of Reactor Development, assistant director for nuclear safety in the Division of Reactor Development and Technology, secretary of the Subcommittee on Waste Disposal and Dispersal of the National Academy of Sciences Committee on Biologic Effects of Radia­tion, chairman of the Waste Disposal Subcommittee of the American Standards Association, the aec member of the Federal Council for Science and Technology Committee on Water Resources Research, a technical delegate to the 1958 and 1964 Conferences on Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy in Geneva and the World Power Conference in Melbourne. Dr. Lieberman is the author of a number of articles on the environmental en­gineering aspects of nuclear power and nuclear safety.

James T. Ramey is a Commissioner of the Atomic Energy Com­mission, Washington, D. C. Before his appointment to the Commission in 1962, Commissioner Ramey served as an assistant general counsel of aec and as staff director of the Joint Committee on Atomic Energy. He has been actively involved in the improvement of aec contracting policies and procedures, has stressed the importance of health and safety for atomic energy employees, and has actively followed the aec reactor safety pro­gram designed to ensure that adequate safety features are built into all nuclear plants. He has taken a special interest in legal and regulatory aspects of the aec’s work and has been a leader in effectively streamlining its regulatory program over the past several years.

Lester Rogers is director of the Division of Radiation Protection Standards, aec. Mr. Rogers has worked in the field of radiation protection since 1949. He is a Certified Health Physicist, American Board of Health Physics, and is a member of the International Commission on Radio­logical Protection Committee No. 4. He has served as United States rep­resentative and consultant to panels of the International Atomic Energy Agency on the transport of radioactive materials and toxicity classification of radionuclides.

Lloyd L. Smith, Jr., is a professor in the Department of Entomol­ogy, Fisheries, and Wildlife at the University of Minnesota. He has long been involved with and concerned about the ecological effects of water pollution. He has served and is serving as an advisor to governments on such problems.

J. Newell Stannard is professor of radiation biology and bio­physics and pharmacology at the University of Rochester, Rochester, New York. He is also associate dean for Graduate Studies at the University Medical School. Dr. Stannard is currently president of the Health Physics Society and chairman of Scientific Committee No. 34 on Maximum Per­missible Exposure Limits for Radioisotopes of the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements (ncrp). He is interested in re­search on biological effects of radiation at the cellular and whole organism level.

Arthur R. Tamplin is a research scientist at Lawrence Radiation Laboratory, Livermore, California. He has been responsible for develop­ing an adequate state-of-the-art ability to predict the ultimate distribution within the biosphere, particularly the concentration in man, of each radio­nuclide produced in the explosion of a nuclear device. As an employee of the Rand Corporation of Santa Monica, California, from 1959 to 1963 he worked on various problems of national defense—primarily, target search and identification and biological and chemical warfare. While at Rand, he also worked on problems associated with the space program and the bio­logical effects of cosmic rays and oxygen regeneration.

Charles L. Weaver has been associated with radiological health activities since 1954. During the period 1954-1957, as an officer in the Chemical Corps of the U. S. Army, he was the on-site radiological safety officer for weapons tests both at the Nevada Test Site and the Eniwetok Proving Grounds. He was assistant radiological safety officer on the staff of the Assistant Manager for Test Operations, Albuquerque Operations Office, AEC, 1957-1961. In 1960 he joined the U. S. Public Health Service, and in 1966 he was designated director, Division of Environmental Ra­diation, Bureau of Radiological Health. He has had the responsibility for the planning, conducting and coordinating of operational and research and development activities required for the surveillance of radiation ex­posure of the population from all sources of radiation except for occupa­tional or medical use. Mr. Weaver is a member of the Health Physics

Society and executive secretary of the Environmental Radiation Exposure Advisory Committee, Bureau of Radiological Health, Environmental Health Service.

Carroll W. Zabel is the recent past chairman of the Advisory Com­mittee on Reactor and Safeguards and currently is director of nuclear research at the University of Houston.

INDEX

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source: Reprinted, with permission, from V. A. Nelson, “Effects of Strontium-90 + Yttrium-90, Zinc-65, and Chromium-51 on the Lar­vae of the Pacific Oyster, Crassostrea gigas” (M. S. thesis, University of Washington, 1968).

[2]1 = Number of lots. b2 = Mean plus standard deviation. *p < .05.