Figure 15.1 shows the SMART development program. It is divided into three phases: technology development, technology verification and commercialization. Since 1997, the Korean government has been supporting the development of SMART technology. During this period, fundamental technologies were developed and the conceptual design was performed. After the conceptual design, the basic design was completed in 2002. Following the technology development phase, a SMART pilot plant design project was launched for comprehensive performance verification. Through the SMART-PPS (pre-project service) phase from 2006 to 2007, the SMART system design was further optimized and a 3-year SMART Technology verification and standard design approval (SMART SDA) program was set. In this program, three years were set for standard design development including experiments and tests for the associated technologies, and a set of licensing application documents were also prepared during the same period. One and a half years for a licensing review was followed after the SDA application. Commercialization of the SMART desalination plant will be introduced just after the SDA phase.