Appropriate attitudes on the part of nuclear facility personnel have to be ensured. Due attention should be paid to the fact that the required attitudes cannot be achieved only through education and training. Attitudes also depend on individual characteristics and organizational culture. The behav­iour of nuclear facility managers and their ability to be everyday role models for their personnel are crucial factors.

Managers of nuclear facilities should embrace their roles in evaluating training to improve its effectiveness and to improve performance, in the same way as they embrace performance improvement. They are responsible for the behaviour of their employees and for the consequences of that behaviour. Following training, managers should observe the performance of their recently trained employees, provide timely, behaviour-specific feed­back to those employees, evaluate the impact on organizational perform­ance, and provide feedback to the trainers so that they can improve the quality of the training.

As indicated by the National Academy for Nuclear Training (2002) in their document ACAD 02-004, the training organization can support line managers and encourage professionalism through activities such as the following:

• Provide training that improves station and personnel performance.

• Ensure that the training staff serve as a role model for other personnel by exhibiting a high level of professionalism while conducting training in every setting.

• Ensure that training personnel model the standards and expectations held by the line managers; conduct training according to clear standards of performance and behaviour; let personnel know what is expected of them and hold them accountable; emphasize pride of ownership and accountability; and clarify the method for performing tasks correctly.

• Provide input to managers to encourage them to recognize exceptional personnel performance during training. Likewise, recognize superior instructor performance. Course completion certificates and awards can foster a sense of training and qualification accomplishment in personnel and their instructors.

Training should be considered a strategic tool to foster human performance excellence and therefore the improvement of safety and reliable and effi­cient plant operation.

6.6 Sources of further information and advice

This section introduces some relevant training issues which enlarge the information supplied in the chapter.