111.1.4.1. Well-trained personnel

The injections will be carried out by trained personnel from the tracer company. Most often, personnel from the oil or operator company are also present. As previously mentioned, two persons from the tracer company will participate in the injection programme. Both will have considerable experience in the technical application of radioactive tracers in industry and offshore activities. Before the injection work is started, a safety meeting will be held for the operater company’s crew where personnel from the tracer company will discuss their work and the safety aspects of the tracer injections.

111.1.4.2. Urine samples

Owing to the very low penetration power of beta radiation, the radiation from 3H, 14C or 35S intake cannot be registered by ordinary dose meters or radiation detectors. In order to be able to document possible radiation doses to personnel, or more likely, to document the absence of such doses in the case of tracer leakage, all operator company crew members that have to remain at the injection site will be asked to deliver urine samples. These samples will be analysed by liquid scintillation counting by a competent and independent health and safety laboratory. Analysis of urine samples is the most practical method for checking the intake of pure beta emitting radionuclides. Urine samples are taken before and after injection.