Secondary Transport of Biomass

Secondary transport of biomass aims to move units of energy from source to conversion facility at the lowest cost. As a large part of transport cost is made up of fuel costs, this is synonymous with minimizing energy consumption in supply. Biomass ready for transport to the conversion plant exists in many forms with varying degrees of moisture content and differing assumptions on costs and efficiencies can give different suggestions on transport form (Tahvanainen and Anttila 2011). Biomass has a varying but generally low bulk density. For wood chips roughly 40 %, for trees and tree sections about 35 % and for harvesting residues, only 15-20 % of the load volume is solid matter.