A key to the overall success of the biomass program depends upon its energy efficiency of the overall technology implementation. The net energy value (NEV) of corn ethanol technology is often a matter of concern and a sub­ject of debate, for example. In all of the biomass processes, ingenious energy integration schemes are adopted, to list a few, drying of biomass feed using hot effluent stream, combustion of biomass residues for reheating the heat transfer medium such as sand, generation and utilization of process steam, efficient process alignment for combined heat and power, autothermal refor­mation, and more.