Ethanol from biomass (Bioethanol) is one of these alternative sources. Despite polemics for biomass uses i. e. biofuels vs food and some alarmist politicians’ declarations, this alternative is really promising considering (i) the ability to satisfy a significant part of the demand for energy and (ii) biomass renewability. Polemics and limitations could have been almost rational when first generation of biofuels was concerned, "noble parts" of plants, the same used for food, being transformed. It is not the case anymore for any modern project. Another problem raised is the part of the cultivated surfaces to be reserved to biofuels, but in fact, realistic scenario is not to replace all fossil fuels volumes, but only part of them by using wastes preferentially.