While insects can impede switchgrass establishment and may affect productivity, little information is available in the literature regarding suitable and efficacious insecticides. McKenna and Wolf (1990) reported greater stand density and yield when carbofuran (2,3-dihydro-2,2- dimethyl-7-benzofuranyl methylcarbamate) was applied in the row with seeds at establishment. While variable responses to carbofuran treatment have been reported (Bryan et al. 1984), the compound has been used as a matter of course for establishment in other studies (e. g., Stout and Jung 1995); however, this insecticide is now banned by the US Environmental Protection Agency. Some have suggested that switchgrass seedlings may be particularly vulnerable to injury by herbivory (Hartnett 1989), but others have reported no advantage to using insecticides for establishment (Cassida et al. 2000). This should not be surprising given that insect injury is a function of many factors including climatic conditions and weather, seeding dates and seedling development, and weed competition (Boerner and Harris 1991; Parrish and Fike 2005).