Category Archives: Alternative transportation

BMW Confirms Hydrogen Car, But Betting On Batteries

Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicles
bmw-i3-concept-drawing

Published on December 19th, 2014
by Christopher DeMorro

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bmw-i3-concept-drawing

BMW will begin testing a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle co-developed with Toyota soon, according to a report from AutoCar, but executives are still betting battery technology will win out. That means the proposed hydrogen production car from BMW may never see the light of day.

No stranger to hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, BMW has developed several interesting innovations meant to solve the problems of price and storage. By teaming up with Toyota, BMW is hopefuly it can actually make an affordable and viable production vehicle that runs on hydrogen, probably naming it the i5. But according to BMW marketing chief Ian Robertson, the problem with hydrogen doesn’t like with the cars themselves, but the fueling infrastructure.

“We’ve said we’ll continue to invest in hydrogen and that will result in a small number of production test vehicles being made to prove the technology works,” Robertson to AutoCar. “The real issues lie not around what we can do, though, but whether the infrastructure can be built up to supply hydrogen in the marketplace cost-effectively.”

According to Robertson, advances in lithium-ion, lithium-air, and solid-state batteries could eliminate range and charging anxiety as an issue for plug-in cars. As Tesla has already done, BMW is rolling out a fast-charging network to support plug-in cars, the Car of the Year i3 and Top Gear Car of the year i8. But developing a viable hydrogen infrastructure is much more expensive and difficult, as hydrogen is an absolute bitch to store and transport effectively.

This has been described as the “first mover disadvantage” that is hobbling hydrogen vehicle adoption. While Toyota remains bullish on the advantage of fuel cells, BMW and many other industry analysts see battery electric cars as the undeniable future.Robertson even suggests that the day may come when electric motors and batteries entirely replace combustion engines in the not-too-distant future.

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Tags: BMW, BMW i3, bmw i5, bmw i8, fast charging network, hydrogen, hydrogen fuel cell vehicle, Toyota


About the Author

Christopher DeMorro A writer and gearhead who loves all things automotive, from hybrids to HEMIs, Chris can be found wrenching or writing- or esle, he’s running, because he’s one of those crazy people who gets enjoyment from running insane distances.


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Ford CEO: Ford to focus on 5 key areas of innovation: mobility, autonomy, connectivity, customer experience and performance

Ford CEO: Ford to focus on 5 key areas of innovation: mobility, autonomy, connectivity, customer experience and performance

19 December 2014

In a pre-Christmas media event, Ford president and CEO Mark Fields said while 2014 was a good year for the company, 2015 has the potential to be a “breakthrough year”. Fields said that Ford’s investments in products, people, plants and technology, combined with industry growth, are not only delivering a year of growth in terms of revenue, pricing power, operating margins and profitability in 2014, but are setting the stage for growth in and beyond 2015.

The global automotive industry is staged to experience $1 trillion of revenue growth over the next five years, Field said: from about $2 trillion today to about $3 trillion by the end of the decade. “That’s a tremendous amount of growth. We want to get our fair share of that growth.” In moving forward on that, Fields said, Ford will focus on five key areas of innovation: mobility, autonomy, connectivity, customer experience and performance.

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If you think about mobility, that’s what we’ve been doing since Henry Ford started the company. It was all about opening the highways to all of mankind … and we are going to continue to do that, both in the physical world, and the digital world.

Our vision for connectivity, it’s all about helping people stay connected. We are going to help enable that with our next generation sync system. Autonomy. Today we have the broadest portfolio of driver assisted features. We are going to build on that those provide the building blocks for full autonomy down the road. Our approach for that is to make it available for all, and not just for a chosen few.

Customer experience. Our vision for the customer experience is that every time someone touches Ford Motor Company … a smile comes on their face. We want to make it easy for the customer to interact with our company. We want to be known as the trusted steward of the customer data.

Performance. Our company was based on performance. The winnings that Henry Ford won from that race back in 1901, he used those funds to start Ford. We are transforming our approach to performance. We will continue to bring to market those products that people really crave .

[In 1901, Henry Ford won the Sweepstakes Race against Alexander Winton, then America’s greatest racer. The upset win also gained the entrepreneur backing for starting Ford Motor.]

Ford has made a number of recent announcements reflecting the focus on those areas. The evolution of mobility has long been a hot button for Ford Executive Chairman Bill Ford, who urges that Ford think of itself as a mobility company rather than just an auto company. (Earlier post.)

In conjunction with the media event, Ford announced that it, Magna International Inc. and Verizon Telematics, were supporting the launch of “Techstars Mobility, driven by Detroit”—a startup business accelerator program sited in downtown Detroit. Together, the companies are committing $2 million in funding plus mentors and other resources to support participating startups. (Earlier post.)

The tech incubator is aiming to deliver innovative mobility and transportation solutions that help alleviate growing global challenges such as traffic congestion, parking availability and pollution. The mobility scope is “broader than automotive,” noted Ford Executive Chairman Bill Ford. “The space really can comprise a lot of different [types] of companies.”

On the connectivity side, Ford launched the third generation Sync 3 system. (Earlier post.)

Ford Performance. Ford also announced that it will introduced more than 12 new performance vehicles through 2020, including an all-new Focus RS, to be available globally. Ford is also uniting regional performance engineering and racing teams as one global team under “Ford Performance”, delivering more new vehicles and parts, more quickly.

Ford remains committed to innovation through performance. Our new global Ford Performance team ties together racing, performance vehicles and parts. It will allow us to more quickly introduce products and accessories that meet the needs of customers around the world on-road and on the track.

Focus RS, which builds on a pedigree of driving excellence dating to the first Ford RS in 1968, was last introduced in 2009. Focus RS will join Ford’s existing performance lineup, including Fiesta ST, Focus ST, Shelby GT350 Mustang and F-150 Raptor.

In addition to pleasing enthusiasts, these vehicles help deliver the company’s One Ford plan for profitable growth, product excellence and innovation in every part of its business. Performance vehicle sales are growing around the world—sales are up 70% in the United States and 14% in Europe since 2009.

In the United States, more than 65% of ST customers come from outside the Ford brand, and more than 50% of Ford performance vehicle owners’ next vehicle purchase is a Ford. Millennials are purchasing ST vehicles at a rate twice that of other Ford-branded vehicles.

Powering performance vehicles such as Fiesta ST and Focus ST is Ford’s EcoBoost engine range. Since the introduction of the EcoBoost engine in 2009, Ford has produced more than 2 million EcoBoost engines globally.

The new Ford Performance organization unifies Ford SVT, Team RS and Ford Racing globally, serving as an innovation laboratory and test bed to create unique performance vehicles, parts, accessories and experiences for customers.

This includes developing innovations and technologies in aerodynamics, light-weighting, electronics, powertrain performance and fuel efficiency that can be applied more broadly to Ford’s product portfolio.

In addition to using racetracks around the world, the team will develop new vehicles and technologies at Ford’s engineering centers globally and at the new technical center in Charlotte, North Carolina. This facility will help the team deliver racing innovations, as well as advance tools for use in performance vehicles and daily drivers alike.

The Ford Performance organization is led by Dave Pericak, who has been appointed director, Global Ford Performance.

Data analytics. Ford has also appointed data science and analytics expert Paul Ballew as executive director and chief data and analytics officer, further building its team of experts to help better understand consumer behavior and help speed development of mobility, connectivity and autonomous driving innovations.

Ballew most recently was global chief data, insights and analytics officer at Dun and Bradstreet. Previously, he spent 20 years in business and the auto industry in various senior executive positions researching and analyzing consumer behavior, including at the Federal Reserve, J.D. Power and General Motors. While at Nationwide Insurance, Ballew built the first analytics organization in financial services, transforming the way the company interacted with customers across the entire organization.

Ford is accelerating its investment and research into data science and analytics as the foundation of its focus on innovation. The goal is to better anticipate customers’ wants and needs as Ford implements its Blueprint for Mobility and its One Ford plan for profitable growth.

In the new role, Ballew will lead the company’s data and analytic efforts globally, establishing an enterprise-wide vision for analytics and integrating all of Ford’s research, analytics, processes, standards, tools and partner engagement. He will report to Bob Shanks, executive vice president and chief financial officer. The appointment is effective 5 Jan 2015.

Ford already has an award-winning analytics team. Last year, Ford was awarded the prestigious INFORMS Prize from the Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences for using data science and predictive analytics to improve overall operations and performance.

Ford uses analytics widely, including in its research, product development, manufacturing, supply chain, marketing and sales, finance, purchasing, information technology and human resources functions.

Tesla Battery Swap Pilot Program Begins Next Week

Battery Swapping
tesla-battery-swap

Published on December 19th, 2014
by Christopher DeMorro

2

tesla-battery-swap

It’s been over a year and a half since Elon Musk introduced the Tesla battery swap, today Tesla announced that a limited pilot program would begin next week. Though only a few invited Model S owners will participate at first, a swap will cost the same as a full tank of premium gas, and will take just three minutes to change a depleted battery for a fully charged one.

The battery swap station will be located across the street from the Superchargers in Harris Ranch, California, though drivers will have to make an appointment before using it. The pilot project is meant to “test technology and assess demand.” In the blog post announcement, it is noted that the additional titanium battery shield has increased the battery swap time to three minutes, rather than the 90 seconds initially demonstrated. However, Tesla remains confident that with refinement they can get the swap time to less than a minute.

Here’s the thing though; who’s really going to use the battery swap stations? It’s been suggested the only reason Tesla even made it in the first place is to still be eligible for California’s ZEV credits, as California was considering making a 5-minute refill time a requirement for the credits.

However, ZEV credits have become an increasingly small part of Tesla’s income portfolio, as other automakers are able to earn the credits on their own. With 140 Superchargers in the US alone, and most charging done at home anyways, battery swap stations seem like they might be viable in limited numbers and locations. Project Better Place tried to build a whole business model around battery swapping, and that led them straight into bankruptcy.

At least Musk followed through on his promise to open a battery swap station by the end of the year, which is one less thing off my list of complaints. Now let’s get the Model X on the road, and I’ll be a happy camper.

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Tags: battery swap, battery swap station, california, Elon Musk, Harris Ranch, Model S, pilot program, Tesla Model S


About the Author

Christopher DeMorro A writer and gearhead who loves all things automotive, from hybrids to HEMIs, Chris can be found wrenching or writing- or esle, he’s running, because he’s one of those crazy people who gets enjoyment from running insane distances.


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  • I will absolutely use the battery swap station once just to try it out. If my original pack gets returned with a full charge, I would also use the battery swap station at least once on road trips since I live far enough from Harris ranch that I need a nearly full charge to make it home without cutting things to close. Charging power slows as the battery fills up so that last charging stop at Harris Ranch takes over an hour. I also imagine anyone that owns a 60 kWh Model S would gladly pay to rent an 85 kW battery for a road trip. And there are at least a few Model S owners in urban areas that don’t have access to charging at home and routinely charge at superchargers- I bet some of them would pay for swaps rather than waiting at a supercharger a couple of times a week. I don’t expect most Model S owners will pay for battery swapping on a regular basis. But I bet there are enough to keep at least a couple of swap stations along heavily traveled routes occupied.

  • Gasoline is $1.76/gallon in Oklahoma City.

Sweden’s First Wireless Electric Hybrid City Bus Hits Streets in 2016

A wirelessly charged electric hybrid city bus will soon be cruising the streets of Södertälje, Sweden thanks to vehicle manufacturing company Scania’s sustainable vehicle technology research project.

Scania, which has been researching electrification technologies that could supplant or supplement combustion engines, is partnering with the Royal Institute of Technology to test its wirelessly charged electric hybrid city bus in the real world in June 2016.

Utilizing induction technology, the bus will recharge wirelessly at a specially equipped bus station, absorbing energy from the road surface. Through a six-to-seven minute charging session, the bus will be able to acquire enough energy to complete its entire route.

Scania_wireless_bus

Scania believes the real-world application of its technology is an important step in transitioning city fleets away from combustion engines.

“There is enormous potential in the switch from combustion engines to electrification. The field test in Södertälje is the first step towards entirely electrified roads where electric vehicles take up energy from the road surface,” said Nils-Gunnar Vågstedt, head of Scania’s Hybrid System Development Department.

The gains from making such a switch would be considerable, Scania says, and would result in a substantial savings of both fuel and money.

In addition to road surface charging stations, Scania says it is also exploring other methods of charging vehicles wirelessly, including the absorption of energy from overhead electrical wires or from rails.

“Our customers have different needs and prerequisites when it comes to switching to more sustainable transport. Therefore we don’t want focus on just one technology. Instead we are continuing research in different areas,” said Nils-Gunnar Vågstedt.

While Scania’s project represents the first real-world application of wirelessly charged electric hybrid technology in Sweden, Sweden is not the only country experimenting with it. Four wireless electric hybrid buses are also set to hit the streets of London for a trial run in 2015. Like Scania’s test bus, these vehicles will charge using induction at specially-equipped bus stations.

Honda Tests New Hybrid Tech on the Track

Honda is testing its hybrid technology in a brand new field – the Formula One racetrack. The company announced two years ago that it will reunite with McLaren, an old business partner and current Formula One contender, for the 2015 race season. Honda was charged with designing a new power unit for the car, which the team ran for the first time in a two-day testing session last month.

In an effort to shift Formula One racing into a more environmentally friendly motorsport, the thunderous and thirsty V8 engines have been retired. Honda’s new power unit is a complex system that includes an internal combustion engine and two electric Energy Recovery Systems (ERS). A 1.6-liter turbocharged V6 with an approximate 600 horsepower output heads the system. Supporting it is an ERS unit that recovers kinetic energy when the car brakes. The other ERS generator unit captures heat energy from the exhaust. Together, the driver can use the ERS systems as a brief 160-horsepower boost.

SEE ALSO: Honda Spelling Green For All Dealers

“Honda has a long history of advancing our technologies and nurturing our people by participating in the world’s most prestigious automobile racing series,” said Takanobu Ito, President and CEO of Honda Motor Company. “The new F1 regulations with their significant environmental focus will inspire even greater development of our own advanced technologies.”

Honda will be able to harness the technology it develops and refines for Formula One to improve its hybrid passenger cars, just as it did when it participated in the race circuit six years ago. One of their current technologies that traveled from the track to the street is Honda’s i-VTEC variable valve timing system, which is currently standard on the Hybrid Accord.

SEE ALSO: 2015 Honda Accord Hybrid Review – Video

Honda’s Futuristic Fuel Cell Concept Slated For Detroit

Honda announced its fuel cell sedan will make its North American debut at the 2015 North American International Auto Show on Jan. 12.

Named FCV Concept, Honda explained the car showcases the styling evolution of its next production fuel-cell car to follow its present FCX Clarity. It’s anticipated to launch in the U.S. after introduction in Japan, scheduled to occur by March 2016.

The Honda FCV Concept is said to feature a low and wide aerodynamic body with clean character lines. The interior strives to achieve harmony between man and machine by taking advantage of new powertrain packaging efficiencies delivering improved passenger space over the Honda FCX Clarity fuel cell vehicle, including seating for up to five people.

SEE ALSO: Honda To Sell Futuristic Looking Fuel Cell Car By 2016

Toyota’s new Mirai, by contrast, is a four passenger car that’s launched this week in Japan, and is due in the U.S. next fall.

Honda added the FCV Concept made its world debut in Japan on Nov. 17, 2014, followed by an announcement that Honda will provide FirstElement Fuel with $13.8 million in financial assistance to build additional hydrogen refueling stations throughout the state of California in an effort to support the wider introduction of fuel-cell vehicles.

Honda is not a stranger to fuel cell technology. The original FCX became the first EPA- and CARB-certified fuel-cell vehicle in July 2002. The FCX also was the world’s first production fuel-cell vehicle, introduced to the U.S. and Japan in December 2002.

Here are a few other fuel cell milestones linked to the Honda FCX:

  • The Honda FCX was the first fuel-cell vehicle to start and operate in sub-freezing temperatures (2003).
  • The FCX was the first fuel-cell vehicle leased to an individual customer (July 2005).
  • With the FCX Clarity, Honda was the first manufacturer to build and produce a dedicated fuel-cell vehicle on a production line specifically made for fuel-cell vehicles (2008).
  • Honda was the first manufacturer to create a fuel-cell vehicle dealer network (2008).

Long-Awaited Acura NSX To Be Revealed In Detroit

After being shown as concept since 2012, and having been profiled around the globe, Acura is officially introducing its production version of the NSX early next year.

The hybrid coupe’s debut will take place at the 2015 North American International Auto Show with a press conference set for January 12.

SEE ALSO: Acura To Showcase Its NSX Hybrid Supercar Concept At Pebble Beach

Although Acura is reviving the NSX moniker – a nod to its high-performance sports car built from 1990 to 2005 – the new supercar will have little in common with its namesake.

“After three years of intensive development work we are excited to reveal this next-generation supercar – the Acura NSX – to the world,” said Ted Klaus, chief engineer and global project leader over NSX development. “We’ve developed a human-centered supercar that responds to the will of the driver and that builds upon the NSX heritage.”

SEE ALSO: Hybrid NSX Prototype Lapped Mid-Ohio

For those who can’t wait until January, Acura offers a few glimpses of the new Hybrid NSX in a short clip, complete with the fleeting growl of its acceleration.

If the engine notes sound surprisingly meaty for a hybrid, it’s because this power unit combines twin-turbocharged V6 with three electric motors (two of which will drive the front wheels).

The NSX is also expected to feature a dual-clutch automatic transmission to power its rear wheels and a dry-sump oil system.

2015_NSX_teaser

The total hybrid system’s output is expected to exceed 500 horsepower according to Car and Driver, although Details on the official mechanical specs of the car have not yet been released.

Tickets To Miami Formula E Race Now On Sale

Now’s the time to book your tickets if you want to see a Formula E race in person on U.S. soil.

Tickets for the 2015 Miami ePrix, which will be held March 14, 2015, are now on sale via the Formula E website.

This Miami race will be the fifth round of the first edition of the FIA Formula E (FE) Championship.

The Miami race is the first of two held in the U.S. FE added the race will see 20 fully-electric open-wheel cars racing around a temporary street circuit located in Downtown Miami. The eight turn, 2.17 kilometer circuit stretches along Biscayne Bay around the streets of the AmericanAirlines Arena, home to the Miami Heat NBA basketball team.

SEE ALSO: Miami Formula E Circuit Unveiled

General admission tickets (standing) are priced at $15 if purchased before January 31 2015, rising to $20 thereafter. Children under five go free with 10 percent discounts for students, members of the fire brigade and army. Meanwhile, grandstand seats start at $85 rising to $225 for hospitality packages.

FE is the main focus, but attendees will also get to enjoy Formula E’s official school support series, Greenpower.

FE explained Greenpower sees children from 10 local schools compete using mini electric karts around the full-size race track.

The Miami ePrix will also see the inaugural Formula E Motor Show running from March 13 to 15, displaying the latest range of electric and hybrid vehicles, said FE.

The second U.S. race will be Long Beach, held April 4, 2015.

PBL/JRC: Global CO2 emissions increase to new all-time record in 2013, but growth is slowing down

PBL/JRC: Global CO2 emissions increase to new all-time record in 2013, but growth is slowing down

18 December 2014

Global CO2 emissions from fossil fuel use and cement production reached a new all-time high in 2013, according to the annual report “Trends in global CO2 emissions”, released by PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency and the European Joint Research Centre (JRC). This was mainly due to the continuing steady increase in energy use in emerging economies over the past ten years. However, emissions increased at a notably slower rate (2%) than on average in the last ten years (3.8% per year since 2003, excluding the credit crunch years).

This slowdown, which began in 2012, signals a further decoupling of global emissions and economic growth, which reflects mainly the lower emissions growth rate of China. China, the USA and the EU remain the top-3 emitters of CO2, accounting for respectively 29%, 15% and 11% of the world’s total. After years of a steady decline, the CO2 emissions of the United States grew by 2.5% in 2013, whereas in the EU emissions continued to decrease, by 1.4% in 2013.

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The report is based on recent results from the joint JRC/PBL Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR), the latest statistics on energy use and various other activities.

In 2013, global CO2 emissions grew to the new record of 35.3 billion tonnes (Gt). Sharp risers include Brazil (+ 6.2%), India (+ 4.4%), China (+ 4.2%) and Indonesia (+2.3%).

The much lower emissions increase in China of 4.2% in 2013 and 3.4% in 2012 was primarily due to a decline in electricity and fuel demand from the basic materials industry, and aided by an increase in renewable energy and by energy efficiency improvements.

The emissions increase in the United States in 2013 (+2.5%) was mainly due to a shift in power production from gas back to coal together with an increase in gas consumption due to a higher demand for space heating.

With the present annual growth rate, China has returned to the lower annual growth rates that it experienced before its economic growth started to accelerate in 2003, when its annual CO2 emissions increased on average by 12% per year, excluding the credit crunch years. In 2013, the Chinese per capita CO2 level of 7.4 tonnes CO2/cap just exceeded the mean EU28 level of 7.3 tonnes CO2/cap, which is 50% above the global average. It is still less than half than those of the United States of 16.6 tonnes CO2/cap, which has one of the highest per capita emissions.

In terms of CO2 emissions per 1000 US$ of Gross Domestic Product (GDP), China is declining, yet still scoring high with 650 kg CO2 per 1000 US$ of GDP. In comparison, China’s emissions per 1000 US$ of GDP are almost twice those of the US (330 kg CO2/1000 US$) and almost three times those of the EU (220 kg CO2/1000 US$).

This is due to a relatively high, although steadily declining, energy intensity of the sectors contributing to GDP growth. China started to take new measures to improve energy efficiency and to make a fuel shift away from coal, including coal consumption targets, an increase in hydropower and structural changes.

Transport. The consumption of oil products increased by 1.7% in 2013, of which three-thirds was used in the transport sector and the remainder mainly by refineries and the manufacturing and building industries in almost equal shares.

According to national statistics, in 2013 total oil consumption in transport increased somewhat by 0.5%, relative to 2012 levels. This is in contrast to most preceding years since 2007, in which annual oil consumption decreased by 2.2% on average, mainly due to the increased energy efficiency of vehicles over time.

Biofuel use for transport increased by 7.3% in 2013, increasing its share in transport fuels by 0.3 percentage points to 4.7%. Global biofuel production has been growing steadily from 16 billion liters in 2000; 100 billion liters in 2011; and 113 billion liters in 2013.

Current fuel ethanol and biodiesel use represents about 3% of global road transport fuels and could be expected to have reduced CO2 emissions with a similar percentage if all biofuel had been produced sustainably. In practice, however, net reduction in total emissions in the biofuel production and consumption chain is between 35% and 80%. These estimates also exclude indirect emissions, such as those from additional deforestation. … Thus, the effective reduction will be between 1% and 2%, excluding possible indirect effects. Large uncertainty in terms of GHG emission reductions compared to the fossil fuels is driven by both the complexity of the biofuel pathways and the diversity of the feedstock, nevertheless, in the near future the advanced biofuels (lignocellulosic, algae) are expected to deliver more environmental benefits.

Resources

  • Trends in global CO2 emissions: 2014 report

Teijin opens second production line for LIELSORT separators for Li-ion batteries

Teijin opens second production line for LIELSORT separators for Li-ion batteries

18 December 2014

Teijin Limited is opening the second production line for LIELSORT, an innovative separator for lithium-ion secondary batteries (LIBs) to meet the increasing market demands. (Earlier post.) Operations will begin on 24 December.

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Teijin produces two types of LIELSORT separators. One is a polyethylene-based material coated with the highly heat-resistant meta-aramid Teijinconex; the other is coated with a highly electrode-adhesive, oxidation-resistant fluorine-based compound. Teijin Lielsort Korea Co., Ltd produces both types, which are sold by Teijin Electronics Korea Co., Ltd, a wholly owned sales company for LIELSORT separators.

The new production line will double the LIELSORT production capacity to respond to the expanding demand for coated separators. LIELSORT is used widely in globally bestselling smartphones and tablets. The line will also accelerate the development of a new type of LIELSORT that Teijin is currently working on to achieve both higher heat resistance and adhesion for improved LIB safety.

Teijin utilized its expertise in polymeric chemistry to develop the first technology for simultaneously coating both sides of LIELSORT. It also developed a high-speed coating technology that is five times faster than conventional coating. Both technologies enable more efficient production.

Teijin, which is working to establish LIELSORT as the de facto standard for next-generation LIB specifications, targets LIELSORT sales revenue of ¥2 billion (US$16.9 million) by 2020.