Model description

1.1. Validated models

Validated models are used for the parameter analyses [4]. The validation was carried out in 2007 with measurement data from the four different evacuated tubular solar collectors tested in a test facility at the Technical University of Denmark. In Table 1 the values used and determined in the validation process are shown.

Table 1. Parameters for the four solar collectors.

Parameter

Seido

5-8

Seido

1-8

Seido

10-20

Curved

Seido

10-20

Flat

Collector type

Total gross area of the collectors [m2]

2.07

2.07

3.53

3.53

Transparent area of the collectors [m2]

1.38

1.38

2.25

2.25

Number of tubes [-]

8

8

20

20

Glass tube radius [m]

0.05

0.05

0.035

0.035

Tube centre distance [m]

0.120

0.120

0.09026

0.09026

Collector panel tilt [°]

67

67

67

67

Collector azimuth [°]

0

0

0

0

Incidence angle modifier for the diffuse radiation [-]

0.9

0.9

0.9

0.9

Effective transmittance — absorptance product, [-]

0.83

0.83

0.83

0.83

Number of discretizations for the absorber [-]

41

41

33

15

Angle dependence of tau-alpha product based on tangent equation [-]

3.8

3.8

3.8

3.8

Heat capacity of the fluid in the manifold tube [kJ/kgK]

3.8

3.8

3.8

3.8

Heat pipe length [m]

1.73

1.73

1.61

1.61

Absorber radius [m] / Absorber width [m]

0.041

0.085

0.027

0.056

Angle of strip [°]

164

164

Thickness of strip [mm]

0.47

0.47

0.60

0.60

Thermal conductivity of strip [W/mK]

238

238

238

238

Density of strip [kg/m3]

2700

2700

2700

2700

Heat capacity of strip [kJ/kgK]

0.896

0.896

0.896

0.896

Lowest evaporation temperature [°C]

15

15

15

15

Manifold heat exchange capacity rate [W/K]

10

10

10

10

Mass of the fluid inside the heat pipe [kg]

0.0038

0.0038

0.0038

0.0038

Effective heat capacity of the collector [kJ/K]

4.04

3.41

6.31

4.94