Metal casks, concrete casks and silos are variations of the container storage systems. Common to all cask and silo designs is that they: [29]
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Metal casks
The structural material for metal casks may be forged steel, nodular cast iron or a steel/lead sandwich structure. The casks are fitted in most cases with an internal basket or metal canister. They usually have a double lid closure system, which may be bolted or seal welded and may be monitored for leak tightness. In many countries, dual-purpose metal casks were developed and are licensed for storage and off-site transportation.6 One example of a metal cask for storage and transportation is shown in Fig. 15.10. In the USA, a triple-purpose cask was developed (TAD: transportation, aging, disposal). There are problems with the application of containers for triple purposes. It is obvious that the licensing process is more complicated for multipurpose casks and containers as in some cases separate licences must be obtained for each operation. The licensing of a cask for disposal, with uncertainties about necessary compatibilities when there is no fuel disposal facility in operation, is difficult.
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Basket for 37 _ PWR assemblies
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Rear shock absorbing cover
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15.10 TNT M24 transport and storage cask (courtesy of AREVA).
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