In order to analyse the technical manpower required in the development of a nuclear programme, it is convenient to divide it into three primary categories: professionals, technicians and craftsmen.

Professionals

This refers to all managerial and technical personnel whose normal minimum formal educational requirement is a Bachelor of Science (B. Sc.) degree or equivalent from a recognized or accredited institution of higher learning (i. e. university or college).

Professionals are obviously the primary component of the manpower required to plan and supervise the implementation of, and assume respon­sibility for, all activities within the nuclear power programme. They also require the longest lead times for their development.

Many activities that involve professionals need a relatively high number of mechanical and chemical engineers. This is to be expected in a technology involving power plants with large high-technology equipment requirements and a fuel cycle with complex chemical processes. The level of educational requirements of professional manpower for the main activities involved in a nuclear power programme requires different specialities, such as:

• Master of Science (M. Sc.) / B. Sc. in engineering with the following:

— Nuclear engineering

— Power plant engineering

— Mechanical engineering

— Electrical engineering

— Electronics engineering

— Chemical engineering

— Civil engineering

• M. Sc. / B. Sc. in metallurgy, physics and chemistry

• B. Sc. in geology, hydrology, meteorology, ecology, biology and seismol­ogy and environmental sciences

• Computer programming technician

• Bachelor of Arts (B. A.) in economics and business administration

• Master of Arts (M. A.) in law

• M. A. in commerce

• Accountants

• B. A. in journalism.