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14 декабря, 2021
Compared to the above four widely studied species, many other species for potential biofuel crops are more regional specific and related to local climatic conditions. In the southern region of the U. S., subtropical and tropical grasses such as bermudagrass and napiergrass have been evaluated as biomass crops [6]. In southwestern Quebec, Canada, a short growing season environment, Madakadze et al. (1998) [23] evaluated 22 warm-season grasses in 5 species (sandreed, switchgrass, big bluestem, Indian grass and cordgrass). They found that the most productive entries were cordgrass and several entries of switchgrass. Switchgrass from high latitude tended to produce less biomass. The sandreed showed little potential for forage or biomass production. This study was conducted using space-planted nursery conditions and these data represent individual plant potential. Thereafter, their studies were only focused on switchgrass under solid sward conditions [23-25].
English name |
Scientific name |
Photosynthetic pathway |
Yields reported Mg DM/ha/year |
Meadow Foxtail |
Alopecurus pratensis L. |
C3 |
6-13 |
Big Bluestem |
Andropogon gerardii Vitman |
C4 |
8-15 |
Giant Reed |
Arundo donax L. |
C3 |
3-37 |
Cypergras, Galingale |
Cyperus longus L. |
C4 |
4-19 |
Cocksfoot grass |
Dactylis glomerata L. |
C3 |
8-10 |
Tall Fescue |
Festuca arundinacea Schreb. |
C3 |
8-14 |
Raygras |
Lolium ssp. |
C3 |
9-12 |
Miscanthus |
Miscanthus spp. |
C4 |
5-44 |
Switchgrass |
Panicum virgatum L. |
C4 |
5-23 |
Napier Grass |
Pennisetum purpureum Schum |
C4 |
27 |
Reed canary grass |
Phalaris arundinacea L. |
C3 |
7-13 |
Timothy |
Phleum pratense L. |
C3 |
9-18 |
Common Reed |
Phragmites communis Trin. |
C3 |
9-13 |
Energy cane |
Saccharum officinarum L. |
C4 |
27 |
Giant Cordgrass/ |
Spartina cynosuroides L. |
C4 |
9 |
Salt Reedgrass |
5-20 |
||
Prairie Cordgrass |
Spartina pectinata Bosc. |
C4 |
4-18 |
Table 2. Perennial grasses grown or tested as energy crops in Europe [12]. |