This chapter assesses how the biomass resources — that have been identified and quantified within the previous chapters — could actually be exploited. It is obviously that the resources represent varied, sizeable and replicable opportunities for investment in modern power and heat generation technologies. Use of indigenous, renewable resources would contribute to energy-independence and give environmental benefits notably — but not only — carbon reduction.

Ways of using biomass resources include co-firing with fossil fuels; combustion in new build combined heat and power (CHP) units; anaerobic digestion; combustion at smaller scale ranging from individual stoves and ovens in households to larger, modern boilers for heat provision to buildings etc. The main options of biomass exploitation in the BiH heat, electricity and CHP market sectors are presented below. Based on the estimates on biomass technical potential the options considered for heat & electricity generation include: